7. What are the habitual and dietary causes of constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Dyschezia (rectal stasis due to faulty bowel habit).(2) Dehydration.(3) Starvation.(4) Lack of bulk in diet.
6. Which drugs can cause constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Ganglion blockers.(2) Opiate analgesics.(3) Aspirin.(4) Anticholinergics.
5. What are the causes of adynamic bowel which can cause constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Hirschsprung’s disease.(2) Senility.(3) Spinal cord injuries and disease.(4) Myxoedema.(5) Parkinson’s disease.
4. What are the painful anal conditions which can cause constipation?
Correct answer: Fissure in ano; prolapsed piles.
1.What are the two symptoms frequently attributable to diseases of the large bowel?
Diarrhoea and constipation.
2. What are the causes of constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Organic obstruction:(a) carcinoma of the colon;(b) diverticular disease.(2) Painful anal conditions:(a) fissure in ano;(b) prolapsed piles.(3) Adynamic bowel:(a) Hirschsprung’s disease;(b) senility;(c) spinal cord injuries and disease;(d) myxoedema;(e) Parkinson’s disease.(4) Drugs:(a) aspirin;(b) opiate analgesics;(c) anticholinergics;(d) ganglion blockers.(5) Habit…
13. What are the three positions in which the appendix can lie?
Correct answer: (1) Distally the tip may lie anywhere from behind the caecum (retrocaecal); (2) adjacent to the ileum, or (3) down in the pelvis lying against the rectum or bladder.
12. What is the nature of the pain of acute appendicitis?
Correct answer: Typically the pain commences as a central periumbilical colic, which shifts after approximately 6 hours to the right iliac fossa or, more accurately, to the site of the inflamed appendix as the adjacent peritoneum becomes inflamed. The appendix…
11. How do patients with acute appendicitis typically present?
Correct answer: The vast majority of patients with acute appendicitis present with marked localized pain and tenderness in the right iliac fossa.
