13. Why does erythromycin cause diarrhoea?
Correct answer: It stimulates the motilin receptor.
12. Which drugs can cause diarrhoea?
Correct answer: (1) Antibiotics and antibiotic-induced colitis.(2) Purgatives.(3) Erythromycin.(4) Digitalis.
11. Which inflammatory and irritative conditions of the intestine cause diarrhoea?
Correct answer: (1) Crohn’s disease.(2) Ulcerative colitis.(3) Tumours of the large bowel.(4) Diverticular disease.
10. Which specific infections can cause diarrhoea?
Correct answer: (1) Food poisoning (e.g. Salmonella).(2) Dysentery (amoebic and bacillary).(3) Cholera.(4) Viral enterocolitis.
9. What are the general categories of the causes of diarrhoea?
Correct answer: (1) General diseases.(2) Pancreatic dysfunction.(3) Loss of absorptive surface.(4) Drugs.(5) Postgastrectomy and vagotomy.(6) Inflammation or irritation of the intestine.(7) Specific infections.
8. What are the general categories of the causes of constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Adynamic.(2) Habit and diet.(3) Drugs.(4) Organic obstruction.(5) Painful anal conditions.
7. What are the habitual and dietary causes of constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Dyschezia (rectal stasis due to faulty bowel habit).(2) Dehydration.(3) Starvation.(4) Lack of bulk in diet.
6. Which drugs can cause constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Ganglion blockers.(2) Opiate analgesics.(3) Aspirin.(4) Anticholinergics.
5. What are the causes of adynamic bowel which can cause constipation?
Correct answer: (1) Hirschsprung’s disease.(2) Senility.(3) Spinal cord injuries and disease.(4) Myxoedema.(5) Parkinson’s disease.
4. What are the painful anal conditions which can cause constipation?
Correct answer: Fissure in ano; prolapsed piles.
