3. How might a Meckel’s diverticulum present?
Correct answer: (1) Perforation by a foreign body.(2) Patent vitellointestinal duct.(3) Peptic ulceration.(4) Raspberry tumour at the umbilicus.(5) Intussusception (ileoileal).(6) Vitellointestinal band volvulus.(7) Acute inflammation.(8) Symptomless finding.
2. What is the ‘rule of 2’s’ with regard to Meckel’s diverticulum?
Correct answer: It occurs in 2% of the population, it is 2 feet (60 cm) from the caecum, it is 2 inches (5 cm) long.
1. What is Meckel’s diverticulum?
Correct answer: This is the remnant of the vitellointestinal duct of the embryo.
13. Which drugs can cause a paralytic ileus?
Correct answer: Anticholinergic drugs; antiparkinsonian drugs.
12. Which metabolic factors can cause paralytic ileus?
Correct answer: (1) Diabetic coma. (2) Uraemia. (3) Potassium depletion (severe).
11. Why does peritonitis cause paralytic ileus?
Correct answer: Perhaps as a result of toxic paralysis of intrinsic nerve plexuses, the bowel in peritonitis becomes atonic. There may be an associated mechanical obstruction produced by kinking of loops of bowel by fibrinous adhesions, so that frequently the…
10. What are the causes of reflex paralytic ileus?
Correct answer: (1) Plaster cast. (2) Ureteric colic. (3) Fractures of the spine or pelvis. (4) Retroperitoneal haemorrhage or surgery. (5) Intestinal ischaemia. (6) Parturition (occasionally).
9. What is Ogilvie’s syndrome?
Correct answer: This is a state of reflex paralytic ileus in which only the colon is affected. It is another name for colonic pseudo-obstruction.
8. What is reflex paralytic ileus?
Correct answer: This probably results from interference with the autonomic nerve supply of the gut; it may complicate fractures of the spine or pelvis, application of a plaster cast, retroperitoneal haemorrhage and retroperitoneal surgery, intestinal ischaemia, ureteric colic and occasionally…
7. What are the five major causes of paralytic ileus?
Correct answer: (1) Drugs. (2) Reflex paralytic ileus. (3) Postoperative. (4) Peritonitis. (5) Metabolic factors.
